Systems 102: The Pursuit of Alpha

Alexander Campbell · Campbell Ramble · March 26, 2026 at 02:51 · ⏱ 18 min read  | Read on Substack ↗
Summary
Alexander Campbell argues that alpha comes from deviating from the market portfolio with a falsifiable, causal thesis, not from being right about obvious facts. He outlines a spectrum from pure discretionary trading to systematic quant approaches, emphasizing that AI can enhance the analyst role (Level 2) — organizing fundamentals into rankable screeners — but should not replace human judgment on universe, metrics, and weights. The article is educational with no actionable trade recommendations or personal positions disclosed.
  • Alpha is the difference between your return and the market portfolio’s return; any deviation implies you think you’re smarter than the market.
  • Quants are overconfident in data; discretionary traders are overconfident in themselves — each school covers the other’s biases.
  • Bridgewater’s 'fundamental and systematic' approach writes down human logic then builds it into a machine, a fusion AI might eventually deliver.
  • The author uses a gold miner screener (30 names from GDX/GDXJ) as a Level-2 example: raw fundamentals converted to z-scores with adjustable weight sliders (Balanced, Value, Quality, etc.).
  • Example names: Newmont ($119B, 9.7x forward P/E, 7.9% FCF yield), Harmony Gold (5.9x forward P/E), Royal Gold (17.7x forward P/E, 6% ROIC).
  • Wesdome Gold Mines tops the balanced composite; Franco-Nevada ranks near bottom due to 26x forward earnings and negative revenue growth.
  • A copper miner screener (17 names) includes Grupo Mexico top, Ero Copper and Solaris Resources second/third; diversified majors (BHP, Rio, Glencore) rank lower due to diluted copper exposure.
  • The author warns data is lagged (screenshots from March 15, 2026) and that backtesting requires continuous rebalancing — not just one-off snapshots.
Read time 18 min
Length 18,834 chars
Category finance
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