Are we in the foothills of World War 3?

Noah Smith · Noahpinion · March 10, 2026 at 23:13 · ⏱ 15 min read  | Read on Substack ↗
Summary
Noah Smith argues that the Iran War, like the Battle of Khalkhin Gol before WWII, is a 'foothill' of a potential World War 3 — a localized conflict that hardens coalition lines, accelerates AI-driven warfare, and destabilizes global energy markets. For investors, this means heightened uncertainty around oil prices, a structural tailwind for defense AI and drone technologies, and a watchful eye on the Eastern theater (China/Taiwan) as the potential flashpoint that could trigger a global conflagration.
  • The Iran War is domestically unpopular in the U.S. (53% oppose per Quinnipiac poll), limiting its duration and scope.
  • Oil prices have spiked due to fears of Iranian disruption of Persian Gulf production via Strait of Hormuz or drone attacks.
  • Russia is providing Iran with satellite imagery intelligence to target U.S. forces, mirroring U.S. support for Ukraine.
  • Ukraine is sharing expertise in shooting down Shahed drones, gained from years of defending against Russian attacks.
  • The U.S. and Israel's use of AI (including Anthropic's Claude) for targeting and battle damage assessment is a game-changer, reminiscent of tank warfare at Khalkhin Gol.
  • China is prototyping AI for unmanned combat and cyberattacks, but the U.S.'s demonstrated ability to decapitate leadership serves as a deterrent.
  • The article compares a potential Chinese attack on Taiwan to Hitler's invasion of Poland — an unambiguous start of a wider war.
  • Coalitions are solidifying: U.S., Ukraine, Israel, and Europe on one side; Russia and Iran on the other, with China and India remaining neutral but watchful.
Read time 15 min
Length 15,130 chars
Category macro
More from Noahpinion