Is Europe’s aggressive climate policy building long-term economic resilience or hurting its competitiveness?

Hey everyone, I’ve been spending a lot of time looking into global decarbonization frameworks, and Europe is clearly setting the global benchmark. Between the EU ETS, CBAM moving into its compliance phase, and strict vehicle emissions targets for 2035, the EU is essentially turning climate policy into its core economic policy. However, watching the real-world trade-offs play out raises an interesting debate on whether this strategy is building true resilience or creating economic friction. The argument for long-term resilience: (a) First-mover advantage; (b) Global leverage to protect local industry from unfair competition; (c) Market certainty by creating a predictable roadmap for institutional capital. The argument for economic risk: (a) Industrial squeeze due to high carbon and energy costs which put European manufacturers at a disadvantage against US companies and cheap Chinese manufacturing; (b) Regulatory friction since compliance overhead and strict targets risk driving capital flight and deindustrialization before green alternatives fully scale. For anyone following carbon markets, climate tech, climate finance/investing or macro trends: Do you view Europe’s stringent stance as a masterclass in long-term economic resilience, or an over-regulated risk to short-term growth? Curious to hear how folks here view the balance between climate leadership and economic reality.