Any benefits to using traditional or Roth IRA of over income limits?

I'm still learning about the details between the traditional and Roth IRA and I'm trying to figure out what the income limits would mean for those making a MAGI of over 250k. Since I'm over that amount for the MAGI, would that mean I couldn't take advantage of either IRA that I have for Vanguard? Are there penalties for contributing while having income over 250k? These are probably dumb questions, but with all the information out there I figured I'd ask since I can't seem to understand what my options are. For example, since I'm over 250K, would that mean I cannot use a traditional IRA and deducte my contributions on taxes?